FR.
JOSEPH CARRENO (1905 - 1986)
Jose Luis Carreno was
born in Bilbao, Spain, on October 23, 1905. His father was Rogelio and
his mother, Teresa. He was baptised on October 28, and was assigned a most
revered teacher: his mother. "The initiation was as profound and radical
as a kiss from God."
One senses the intimate
friendship that united him to God from early childhood. With this spiritual
grace of uninhibited surrender to God and the eyes of a poet, he was able
to see constantly the beauty of God in creatures, the providence of God
in every circumstance, the mercy of God in forgiveness and he was happy
to be a reflection of God’s goodness and gentleness to his fellow humans.
"One morning", he
recalls in his memoirs, "my mother took me to Mass. ‘Look,’ she said, ‘in
a little while the priest will raise a small white round thing. That’s
Jesus!’ Sure enough, shortly after, there was the sound of a small bell
and in the semi darkness a small round object began to rise slowly in the
hands of the priest. I must have given a sharp cry because I immediately
felt a soft hand covering my mouth. That round object was forever riveted
on my soul. It was the ‘personal revelation’ of the mystery of transubstantiation."
He entered the Salesian
school of Santander in November 1913. "To enter the House of Don Bosco
meant to settle permanently within the gravitational pull of the ‘Real
Presence’."
He entered the aspirantate
at Campello. He recalls: "A congregation like ours, for which we were preparing
ourselves at Campello, is made up of men dedicated to God to whom they
are going to lead countless generations through the apostolate of christian
education. To educate, however, is to elevate, and to christianize is to
divinize. Those men must then be superior in everything, especially in
the refinement of the spirit. That’s why all the Campellos in the world
must get the very best education."
One begins to understand
his preoccupation in India and the Philippines for the establishment of
high calibre centres for the formation of native vocations.
From Campello he
went to the novitiate at Carabanchel Alto in 1921, then made his profession
on July 25,1922. After a brief military service, he made his perpetual
profession in Sarria on December 11, 1928. He was rated as "an excellent
young man of solid piety, bright, jovial, greatly attached to the Congregation.
One can expect great things from him."
He was ordained to
the priesthood in Gerona on May 21, 1932. On that solemn occasion he took
as his motto the words of St. Paul "Omnis Christus-Christ is All" (Col
3:11). On the eve of his ordination he wrote to the Rector Major, Fr. Peter
Ricaldone asking him to send him to the missions. "I want to offer myself
unconditionally to my superiors to work in the missions in accordance with
my desires and prayers during the last seven years. I only ask you that
my destination be also in accordance with my weakness. I am not afraid
of Bolsheviks or pirates but I am afraid of myself. Likewise I want to
express my liking for the missions of Asia. I am ready, however, to go
to any place on earth as obedience may dispose of me."
He spent the following
year at Cowley, England, studying English. Then he set sail for India.
He arrived in Bombay in 1933. At that time salesian India had only one
province, the provincial house being located at Shillong, Assam. The provincial
was the future bishop Mathias. In the south, in Madras, the Archbishop
was the Salesian Eugene Mederlet.
The following year,
1934, a second province was formed. It was established in the South with
its provincial house at Vellore.
At the death of Archbishop
Mederlet, bishop Mathias took his place in 1935. The Provincial in the
South was Fr. Eligio Cinato.
Fr. Carreno, a priest
not yet 28 years old, was sent to the novitiate of Tirupattur where as
the first novice master he began to form new missionaries, almost all from
different European countries.
From this novitiate
came those who were to build the Salesian presence in India. Fr. Luigi
Di Fiore, one of his novices and later the Provincial of Madras writes:
"Without a doubt the most precious legacy that Fr. Carreno handed on to
us was the salesian spirit in its essential characteristics: thirst for
souls, fraternal charity, family spirit built on prayer, work, cheerfulness,
healthy optimism, hospitality."
In August 1939, India
felt the echoes of World War II. All foreigners, including missionaries
who belonged to countries at war with Great Britain were taken to concentration
camps in 1942. Fortunately Fr. Carreno belonged to a neutral country and
was able to help and serve as an intermediary for them before the authorities.
Being an authentic
missionary he sensed the need to "indianize" the Salesian presence in India.
Therefore he took great pains to look for and form native vocations. Furthermore
due to the blocking of the Suez Canal, the flow of missionaries from Europe
was even further hindered. Salesian works were in disarray. Of the 400
missionaries in prison camps, 136 were Salesians. Moreover in 1947, India
proclaimed its independence from Great Britain and the new government adopted
a policy of not granting visas to new foreign missionaries. God was writing
straight on crooked lines.
Fr. Carreno would
go around schools and talk about Don Bosco. He would make everyone enthusiastic
with the ideal of saving souls and would attract them with his simplicity
and his cheerfulness.
Meanwhile in the
midst of the war, Vatican Radio sent a message ordering Fr. Carreno to
take charge of the Salesian Province of South India. He had to take the
place of the Provincial, Fr. Eligio Cinato, and was given the faculties
of a Provincial. Bishop Louis Mathias invited him to be the Vicar General
of the Archdiocese of Madras thus conferring on him the title of "Monsignor".
His workload doubled
and so did the presences in the Province: Kotagiri (1946), Poonamallee
(1947), Nagercoil (1947). He travelled to several countries in Europe asking
for help for his apostolic works. He even communicated his message in songs.
He would ask for three things: prayers, sacrifices and material help. He
even got certain banks to fund donations and scholarships for missionary
undertakings under the title MISALMA (Salesian Missions of Madras).
In a report to the
Rector Major, which was mandatory for all provincials, on the state of
their provinces, Fr. Carreno writes of the development in his province
and especially in Bombay:
"In Bombay the progress
has been almost miraculous. The land there is the most expensive in India
but, in spite of difficulties, Fr. Maschio has been able to buy land and
build a magnificent modern two-storey building which has drawn the attention
and the esteem of the people for the work of Don Bosco in India."
He was then asked
by the Rector Major to put the Cooperator’s movement back on its feet in
Spain.
Later, after the
war, in October 1952, he was sent to Goa. "Goa was love at first sight"
wrote Fr. Carreno in his "Warp in the Loom."
At the end of World
war II, after years in concentration camps, most missionaries were allowed
to return to their work. The more troublesome ones were forced to return
to their countries.
Fr. Carreno flew
to New Delhi to talk to the Viceroy but His Majesty’s Government did not
listen. "Very well, then" he said, "those men have come to India to serve
Christ. If you don’t want them in British India they’ll go to Portuguese
India." And so, seven of those missionaries went to Goa and began to work
among the children.
Fr.Carreno stayed
there eight years. This is how he summarized the work being done there:
"Two technical schools; a high and elementary school; two public churches,
one built in Panjim to the Pilgrim Virgin; the care of more then 600 poor
boys provided for with the help of the Patriarch and the Portuguese Government;
the publications that came out from our presses; the "Catholic Hour’ over
the government radio station; and above all, the work for vocations of
which God was a real mine."
Soon after, the Indian
Government broke diplomatic relations with the Portuguese Government and
Fr. Carreno was called by Pandit Nehru as an intermediary in the liberation
of Indian prisoners in Goa. At the end of the interview Fr. Carreno confided
to Nehru: "Mr. Prime Minister, I’m not being very diplomatic." "No Father,"
replied Nehru, "but you are a sincere man."
Four months later
Goa granted amnesty to the Indian prisoners through the mediation of the
Church. The Indian Government did not give anything in exchange. Later
Indian troops occupied Goa.
The Portuguese Salesians
expressed their gratitude and admiration for Fr. Carreno: "The Oratory
at Panjim, with its high school, technical school and Youth Centre and
the Oratories; the start of the aspirantate next to the boarding school
for abandoned youth; the spread of the devotion to Mary Help of Christians
and devotion to Don Bosco; the collaboration with the native clergy and
the prestige of the salesian work, are sufficient proof of the real worth
of Fr. Carreno."
At the end of his
term as rector of Panjim in 1960, as he was about to leave for Europe,
the students told him: "If we knew you wouldn’t come back, we wouldn’t
have let you go to the airport."
A proof of his dedication
and achievement was the medal given to him by the Portuguese Government.
Between Madras and
Goa Fr. Carreno had spent almost thirty years in India. The Salesians loved
him dearly. In him they found the best and most complete replica of Don
Bosco: a loving father with a big heart, a man of initiative, always smiling,
highly intelligent, a man with his eyes on the future.
From Goa he was assigned
to work in the Philippines and later back again in Spain where he lived
till his death. He departed for his heavenly home on the feast of Corpus
Christi, on May 29, 1986. More than fifty concelebrants attended the funeral
mass. All were convinced that Fr. Carreno had attained Eternal Life.
On his golden jubilee
of priestly ordination he wrote on his souvenir card "If fifty years ago
my motto as a young priest was ‘Christ is All’ today, old and overwhelmed
by his love, I would write it in solid gold because in reality CHRIST IS
ALL."
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